Oil-burner.



No. 719,&86. v PATENTED FEB. 3, 1903.

J. J. MODONALD &u A. D. MGLBAN.

OIL BURNER.

APPLIOATION PILED APR. 9, 1902.

NO IODEL.

UNlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J OIIN J. MCDONALD, OF BERKELEY, AND ANTHONY D. MCLEAN, OF SANFRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

OIL-BURNER.

SPEGIFICATION formng part of Letters Patent No. '719,686, dated February3, 1903. Application filed April 9, 1902. Serial No. 102,007. (Nomodel.)

To OLZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN J. MCDONALD, residing at Berkeley, county ofAlameda, and ANTHONY D. MOLEAN, residing in the city and county of SanFrancisco, State of California, citizens of the United States, haveinvented an Improvement in Oil-Burners; and we hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

Our invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon-burners. Its objectis to provide a burner for low-gravity oil and suitable for useparticularly with marine boilers.

It consists, broadly, of a casing having oil and steam chambersseparated by a partition perpendicular to the axis of the burner,outlet-passages from said chambers on either side of and adjacent to thepartition, said outlet-passages converging to a common point ofdischarge eXterior to the burner, said oilchanber adapted to beenveloped by the fiame and so act as a superheater for the oil.

More specifically, it consists in'the combination of a casing or shell,an oil-pipe extending centrally therethrongh and projecting beyond thefront end of the casing, an annular steam-chanber formed between thecasing and said pipe, an annular beveled-edge partition adjustable onsaid pipe and adapted to form an annular steam-passage with the end ofthe casing, a cap or second casing member supported on the extension ofthe oil-pipe, an annular oil-chamber formed between said cap and pipe,and an annular oil-outlet between the adjacent edges of the cap andpartitions.

It also comprises details which will be more fully set forthhereinafter, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 represents alongitudinal cross-section of our burner adapted asa superheater. Fig. 2 represents a modification of the burner. Fig. 3 isa cross-section on line yy, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on line a:w, Fig. 1.

Arepresents a casing having an oil-feed pipe 2 extending centrallythrough it and projecting beyond the burner end of the casing. Betweenthe casing and the pipe an annular steam-chamber 3 is formed.

3'- is the steam-inlet.

A diaphragm or annular plate 4 is adjustable on the pipe extension andis adapted to fit over the end of the casing. This diaphragm may bethreaded on the pipe, as shown in Fig. 1, or may fit loosely and beslidable thereon, Fig. 2. The adjacent faces of the casing and diaphragmmay be correspondingly beveled at any suitable angle. The space 5between 'these beveled surfaces forms an annular steam-outlet passage.

A cap 7 fits on over the pipe 2 and has an interier diameter greaterthan the eXterior diameter of the pipe, so that an annular oilchamber isformed between the pipe and cap. In Figs. l and 2 we have shown twodifferent forms of this cap attached in different ways. In the lattercase the end of the pipe 2 is threaded, and a screw 9, fittiug the pipe,serves to retain the cap in place on the pipe. The diaphragm-plate 4 hasan annular fiange ll projecting into the space between the cap and thepipe and dividing said space in two annula-r compartments 12 and 13,communicating with each 'other through the perforations 14, in theflange 11. The pipe 2 is perforated at 15 to admit oil to the chamber12. A Washer 16 maybe interposed between the end of the flange 11 andthe cap, and by adjusting the screw 9 the size of the oil-dischargeorifice maybe varied at will.

In operation the oil or comningled oil and steam is admitted to the pipe2 from any suitable source of supply. Thence flowing through the pipe itissues from the perforations 15 into the oil-chamber 12, and thencethrough the ports 14 into the space 13 and out through thedischa'ge-outlet 1 O. simultaneously steam is admitted to the chamber 3and passes thence through the disoharge-outlet 5. Itis understood thatthe faces of the diaphragm may be beveled at any desi red angle, or wemay only bevel the face adjacent to the steam-chamber. In any case thefuel-oil and the steam by which the oil is finally vaporized and driveninto the furnace are kept entirely separate until they meet at the lineof intersection of the annular outlets and 10, exterior to the bur-ner.Ordinarily these faces will be so beveled and the pressure in thesteamchamber 3 will be such as to cause the vapor issuing from theburner to extend in a fiared or cone-shaped sheet over and envelopingIOO though out of contact with the cap. The effect ot' the perforatedflange 11 is to arrest the flow of oil and give it more chance to becomevaporized by tearing it or breaking up the particles, while theprojecting pipe and the cap serve all the purposes of a superheater forthe oil.

In Fig. 1 we have shown the burner-cap more particularly adapted as asuperheater. In this case the cap is formed with a tapered prolongation7 and the oil-pipe is adapted to discharge against the closed end of theprolongation. The cap has a web 17 threaded on the pipe, whereby the capis adjustablein relation to the oil and steam discharge orifices, andthe web is longitudinally slotted, as at 18, whereby the oil, either inliquid or vapor form, is admitted to the annular chamber 12 between theslotted fiange 11 on the diaphragm-plate 4 and the oil-pipe. Thence itissues through the ports 14 to the space 13 and out through the annularorifice 10, where it meets the opposing face of steam from oriflee 5. Byhaving the diaphragm-plate and cap threaded on the pipe and by theinterposition of a Washer 16, if necessary, any adjustment of steam oroil outlet desired may be obtained.

While it is old in burners to heat oil by means of a surroundingsteam-jacket, our invention goes further, and by forming a suitableprojecting oil chamber or conduit beyond the burner-discharge and havingthis chamber or conduit subjected to the heat of the enveloping fiame itis seen that the oil is heated to a degree impossible by the useof steamalone. If commingled steam and oil passes through the pipe 2, the hightemperature that it is subjected to in the superheater serves not onlyto thoroughly Vaporize the oil, but absolutely prevents condensation ofthe steam, and the product is a highly-infiammable dry vapor.

With this burner we have found it possible to use crude or low-gravityoil with the most satisfactory results and in connection with marineboilers, where the use of oil generally has been attended withdifficulty.

The cap of Fig. 1 is tapered at the end, as shown, in order to reducethe amount of metal between the fiame and the oil, as it was found thatwith an elongated cap, after the form of that shown in Fg. 2, theintense heat of the surrounding flame soon burned and destroyed themetal; but by tapering it the circulation of the oil keeps itsufficiently cool at this point to prevent such burning and injury.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination in a hydrocarbonburner of a longitudinal supply-pipe,annular chambers surrounding said pipe, a diaphragm extendingsubstantially at right angles with `the axis of the chambers, anddividing said chambers, and discharge-outlets from said chambersadjacent to said diaphragm.

2. The combination in a hydrocarbonburner, of a casing, a longitudinalcentral pipe, annular chambers between said pipe and casing, a diaphragmextending substantiall'y at right angles with the axis of the chambersand dividing said chambers into separate oil and steam compartments, andannular discharge-outlets between each of said compartments and thediaphragm.

3. The combination in a hydrocarbonburner, of a pipe or like tubularstructure, casing members surrounding said pipe, chambers formed betweensaid menbers and pipe, a diaphragm adjustable on said pipe intermedateof said casing members, vapor-outlets between the ends of said membersand the adjacent faces of the diaphragm and only the chamber on one sideof said diaphragm having communication with said pipe.

4:. The combination in a hydrocarbonburner,`of a pipe or like tubularstructure, casing members enveloping said pipe and adapted to formchambers between said pipe and casing members, a diaphragm adjustable onsaid pipe intermediate of said members, converging vapor-outlets oneither side of said diaphragm and said pipe discharginginto 95 the spaceinclosed by one of said casing members.

5. The combination in a hydrocarbonburner, of a pipe or like tubularstructure, casing members enveloping said pipe, one of Ioo said membersadjustable longitudinally upon the pipe, chambers form ed between saidmembers and pipe, an annular diaphragm interposed between the adjacentends of said members, converging outlet-passages on either Io 5 side ofsaid diaphragm and communication between the pipe and one of saidchambers.

6. The com bination in a hydrocarbonburner of a central pipe, concentricenveloping casing members, chambers between said no pipe and casingmembers, ports in said pipe communicating with one of said chambers, anannular diaphragm interposed between the ends of said members, annularoutlet-passages adjacent to said diaphragm, and means I I 5 forregulatng the size of said outlet-passages.

7. The combination in a hydrocarbonburner of a central oil-feed pipe, aconcentric enveloping shell, annular chambers between said shell andpipe, ports in said pipe comrzo municating with one of said chambers,the other chamber adapted as a steam-chamber, and converging annulardischarge orifices from said chambers intermediate of the ends of saidshell through which the oil and steam 125 are separately discharged,commingling eX- terior to the shell, the commingled product envelopingthe said oilchamber which is thereby transformed into a superheater.

8. The combination in a hydrocarbon- 130 burner, of a casing, a centraloil-feed pipe extending beyond the burner end of said caszo an annula'ing, an annular diaphragn-plate on said pipeextension portion andadjustable in relation to the end of said casug, a steam-chamber fol-medbetween said casing and pipe and an annular discharge-orifice betweenthe adjacent faces of said casing and diaphmgm, a cap`or casing memberremovably fitting the end of said pipe and adapted to form an oilchamberbetween the cap and pipe, atomizing means in said oil-chambe', anannnlar discharge-orifice between the end of said pipe and diaphragm,the walls of said orifices so nclined as to commingle the product fromsaid chambers, and cause said commingled product to be defiected forwardand su'round said cap.

9. The combination in a hydrocarbonbur-ner of a casing, an oil-feed pipeextending cent'ally through and beyond said casing, beveled-edgediaphragm-plate on said pipe and adjustable in relaton to the end ofsaid casing, an outwardly-projecting perforated annnlar fiange on saiddiaphragm and a cap enveloping the end of said pipe and flange.

10. The combination in a hydrocarbonburner of a casing, a centraloil-feed pipe, an annular beveled-edge diaphragm-plate adjustable onsaid pine in relation to the end of said casing, a tapered capenveloping said pipe and adjustable thereon in relation to thediaphragm-plate.

In wtness Whereof we have hereunto set on' hands.

JOHN J. MCDONALD. ANTHONY D. MCLEAN.

Witnesses:

S. H. NOURSE, JESSIE C. BRODIE.

